ORIGIN OF ANDMAN AND NICPBAR PRIMITIVE TRIBES TRACED BY SCIENTISTS
सेंटर फॉर सेल्युलर एंड मॉलिक्यूलर बायोलॉजी (सीसीएमबी), हैदराबाद ने अंडमान और निकोबार द्वीप की 6 आदिवासी आबादी की उत्पत्ति का अध्ययन किया, जिनमें से 4 नेग्रोइड (ओंगे, जारवा, ग्रेट अंडमानी और सेंटिनलीज़) और 2 मंगोलियाई (निकोबारसे और शोम्पेन) थे। आबादी. सीसीएमबी वैज्ञानिकों ने 47 ओंगे, 20 ग्रेट अंडमानी और 25 निकोबारियों से रक्त के नमूने एकत्र किए; और 4 जारवा आदिवासियों से मुख स्वाब और शुरू में पैतृक वंश का पता लगाने के लिए पैतृक रूप से विरासत में मिले Y गुणसूत्र मार्करों के साथ नमूनों का विश्लेषण किया गया।
Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad studied the origin of the 6 tribal populations of the Andaman and Nicobar Island, of which 4 were Negroid (Onge, Jarawa, Great Andamanese and Sentinelese) and 2 were Mongolid (Nicobarse and Shompens) populations. CCMB Scientists collected blood samples from 47 Onge, 20 Great Andamanese and 25 Nicobarese; and the buccal swab from 4 Jarawa tribals and initially analyzed the samples with the paternally inherited Y chromosome markers to trace the paternal lineage.
Studies demonstrated that the Onge and Jarawa fell in a genetic group closely related to the African-specific origin. However, none of the Great Andamanese, although phenotypically similar to Onge and Jarawa, showed close affinities with the modern human populations, suggesting that the original chromosomes of the Great Andamanese have been replaced by the recently evolved Y chromosome. In the same study, CCMB scientists analyzed a very small region of the maternally inherited DNA (from mitochondrial DNA) and found that they showed close affinities with the Asian populations.
On completed sequencing of the mitochondrial DNA of 5 Onge, 5 Great Andamanese, and 5 Nicobarese, several novel mutations (changes in DNA sequence) were found in Onge and Great Andamanese tribes, which have not been identified either in any of the world populations or in the 600 Indian samples screened by them. Based on the mutations in the mitochondrial DNA of these populations, CCMB scientists estimated that they are the descendants of the group of people, who first migrated out of Africa about 50,000-70,000 years ago, taking the southern route of migration by sea route via India to populate Southeast Asia and Australia, in contrast to the Nicobarese who have migrated from Southeast Asia, about 18,000 years ago, as these samples showed affinity with populations found in China, Myanmar and other Southeast Asia.